The way Scientists measure the amount of rainfall from the middens is by first measuring the size of the pellets in the middens and than they determine the relationship between size of the pellets and the rainfall. After they figure that out they use the connection between the pellet size and rain by "measuring and radiocarbon dating the chinchillas poop. That shows scientists that if the size of the pellet changes, than most likely there are changes in the regions precipitation.
This knowledge is important not only for us in America, but for the people who may live in the Chilean Atacama region, it foretells the supply of water that they will get. Since Chinchillas are not the only rodents who let go middens, it is easy for us to determine rainfall in many other regions. It would help the earth too because meteorologist would not have to use technology to determine rainfall. Who would of thought that poop would act as a fortune teller ?!
SOURCE : http://news.discovery.com/earth/chinchilla-rainfall-chile.html
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